对铸造Al-Si系合金中杂质元素Fe,合金元素Mg、Cu、Sn、Mn、Be、Pb和变质元素稀土、Sr、P、B、Na等的作用进行了分析和概述.Fe能提高合金硬度和耐磨性,但会降低合金的力学性能.Mg能提高合金强度,但Fe、Mg共同作用会降低合金的力学性能.Cu和Mn对脆性Al-Fe-Si相有变质作用,并能提高合金力学性能,Cu与Ni复合作用,可提高Al-Si合金的高温强度和硬度.Sn能提高合金的力学性能.Be降低富铁相有害作业,提高合金力学性能.Pb能提高合金的机加工性能和耐磨性能.Na、Ca都对共晶硅有变质作用,P、B可细化初晶Si,稀土元素和Sr对共晶Si和初晶Si都有变质作用.
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