以荷叶表面微/纳米结构为参考模型,先用硅溶胶处理天然棉织物,再用N-β-氨乙基-γ-氨丙基聚二甲基硅氧烷(ASO-1)对其进行修饰,获得了微/纳米二元粗糙的超疏水织物,水滴在该织物表面接触角可达160.5°.场发射扫描电子显微镜(FE-SEM)观察发现超疏水纤维表面存在大量均匀分布的纳米微凸体.接触角分析表明织物织造过程中形成的微米级粗糙度和ASO-1膜的存在是织物疏水的主要原因,纳米微凸体能减少纤维与水的接触面积,提高水在纤维表面的接触角,使织物由疏水转变为超疏水.最后用X射线光电子能谱仪(XPS)证实了纤维表面SiO2粒子和ASO-1膜的存在.
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