Bridgman法从1925年问世至今,已经演变出多种控制方式,成为金属定向凝固和人工晶体生长的核心技术.由于溶质分凝导致的成分偏析是Bridgman法生长固溶体型晶体材料中遇到的一个难题.本文从溶质分凝的热力学原理和溶质传输的动力学分析入手,探讨了Bridgman法晶体生长过程中溶质分凝和偏析形成的基本原理和规律.进而分析了溶质分凝与温度场的耦合关系以及对流对溶质分凝行为的影响.最后,结合CdZnTe晶体生长过程,分析了溶质分凝与偏析的控制在实际晶体生长过程的应用.
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