为提高船用铝合金的耐海水腐蚀性能,利用激光在5083船用铝合金表面分别刻蚀点阵、直线、网格3种微结构,采用聚合物基纳米复合材料构建微纳双层结构,制备超疏水船用铝合金表面.采用光学显微镜和扫描电子显微镜表征其形貌;用接触角测量仪测量接触角和滚动角;采用电化学分析方法测试在海水环境中的耐腐蚀性能.结果表明,具有微纳双层结构的超疏水表面符合Cassie状态,且随着微结构间距的增大,接触角减小,滚动角增大,其耐海水腐蚀性能显著增强.间距为100 μm的网格微结构表面具有最大的接触角157.8°和最小的滚动角0.57 °,可将铝合金的腐蚀阻抗提高2个数量级.
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