利用“团簇加连接原子”结构模型研究了铁素体时效不锈钢的成分规律,确定了BCC Fe-Cr二元基础团簇成分式为[Cr-Fe10Cr4]Cr,其中团簇为以溶质原子Cr为心的周围被10个基体Fe和4个Cr原子包围的菱形十二面体Cr-Fe10Cr4.根据团簇式和相似组元替代形成多元合金化的合金成分式[(Ni16-m-nCumAln)-Fe160Cr64] (Cr16-o-p-q-rMooTipNbqVr).采用铜模吸铸技术制备φ6 mm的合金棒,分别在1030℃、1150℃下固溶处理0.5h并在555℃时效3h.结果表明,合金化的系列合金在1150℃下固溶处理时能获得单一BCC结构,在此基础上时效后系列合金的硬度和强度显著提高,其中[(Ni14Cu2)-(Fe160Cr64)](Cr7 Mo6Ti2 Nb1)合金在时效处理后具有良好的强韧性配合,分别为HV=397 HV、σ0.2=1017 MPa和σb=1287 MPa、ε=7.7％.
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