从发现钝化现象至今的近两个世纪，Fe钝化膜的结构和性质 一直是电化学和材料科学的研究热点.简要概括了Fe表面钝化膜研究的意义及历史，综 述了Fe在不同溶液中通过不同方法形成钝化膜的结构与性质的研究过程及现状.在研究过程 中已经提出过4种关于Fe在水溶液中形成钝化膜结构模型，但由于实验技术和方法的局限性 ，这些模型并未能真正反映Fe钝化膜的真实面貌.随着先进技术及方法的引入，对Fe钝化膜 的微观结构、组成及防腐机制等的认识越来越深刻.
Structures and properties of the passive films form ed on iron in aqueous environments have been the hot topic of the electrochemist ry and materials science for two centuries from discovering the passivation phen o menon.In this paper,the significance and history about the research on the passi ve film formed on iron are introduced in brief,processes and advances in researc h on the passive film formed on iron in various aqueous environments by differen t techniques are reviewed.Four different passive film models were developed in t he history of iron passivity research,but neither of them could reflect the true nature of the passive film due to the limits of the experimental techniques and methods.With the introducing of the advanced technologies and methods,the true nature of the passive film on iron and the mechanism of the corrosion prevention for iron by passivity have been understood better and better.
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