通过非稳态脉冲动力学方法,考察了载体MgAl2O4和α-Al2O3以及助剂La2O3对Ni催化剂催化解离CH4性能的影响. 在以前的积炭方法中, CH4的解离在很大程度上受积炭的影响. 这里采用非稳态脉冲方法可以得到在新鲜的Ni活性位上CH4解离的本征动力学信息. 在排除了传质和传热的影响之后考察了在Ni/α-Al2O3, Ni/La2O3/α-Al2O3, Ni/MgAl2O4和Ni/La2O3/MgAl2O4催化剂上的CH4解离动力学,求得催化剂表面上平均每个Ni活性位上CH4解离的活化能分别为90.9, 111.8, 79.5和85.9 kJ/mol. 可以看出,载体MgAl2O4比α-Al2O3更能降低Ni上CH4解离的活化能,而La2O3的加入会提高CH4在Ni上的解离活化能. 通过动力学方法,定量地描述了载体和助剂对Ni活性位上CH4解离能力的影响. 同时CH4解离的活化能和指前因子之间存在着补偿效应,这在一定程度上削弱了助剂和载体对Ni上CH4解离的影响.
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