相变材料在相变过程中,可以向环境吸收或释放热量,而本身温度维持不变,具有很好的储能特性.相变微胶囊可在一定程度上解决相变材料的泄漏及腐蚀性等问题,因而在能源科学、材料科学等领域发挥着重要作用.系统介绍了相变微胶囊的制备方法,其中主要包括界面聚合法、原位聚合法、复合凝聚法、悬浮聚合法等.阐述了相变储能微胶囊在太阳能、建筑、服装纺织、军事伪装隐身等领域的应用,并指出了微胶囊相变材料存在的问题及今后的发展方向.
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