本文结合生产,对鞍钢大型碱性平炉冶炼重轨钢的脱氧问题进行了试验。结果指出,在炉池内加脱氧剂进行预先脱氧的重轨成品含氧化物夹杂较少,尤以全部采用矽锰合金做炉池内脱氧剂的效果最佳,而在炉池内不加任何脱氧剂的重轨成品含氧化物夹杂量最多,后者往往超过前者一倍以上。重轨钢合硫一般达0.03—(0.04%,其中硫化物夹杂量与氧化物夹杂量相若,有时甚至达到后者的两倍。在这种情况下,决定钢的机械性能的主要因素是硫化物而不是氧化物,因此不同脱氧方法对重轨成品机械性能的影响不显著。在上述工作中,对重轨成品中氧化物夹杂的形状和大小也进行了分析,并指出在某些情况下铜液含氧量与铜成品中氧化物夹杂数量存在着相适应的关系。
Experiments were carried out with a view to ascertaining the most suitabledeoxidation process for basic open-hearth smelting of rail-steel in Anshan works.Itwas found that the amount of oxides inclusions in finished rails was definitely lessif preliminary deoxidation was carried out before tapping,the best results being ob-tained when manganese-silicon alloy alone was used as deoxidizer.Similar rails madefrom heats without preliminary deoxidation were found to contain almost twice theamount of oxides inclusions.The sulphur content of the above rail-steel usually amounted to 0.03-0.04%,theamount of sulphides inclusions is at least equal to,or sometimes double,the amountof oxides inclusions.In such cases sulphides rather than oxides inclusions play thedetermining role for the mechanical properties of the finished rails.As a matter offact,no appreciable difference was observed for rails made by different deoxidationprocesses.Data concerning the size and shape of oxides inclusions in rails made by differentdeoxidation processes have been discussed,and it is pointed out that only in certainspecial cases could the oxygen content of liquid steel prior to tapping provide aqualitative estimation of the amount of oxides inclusions in finished steel products.
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