过热度对12Cr2Mo1R大扁锭凝固过程中心宏观偏析的影响

材料热处理学报, 2015, 36(3): 244-250.

过热度对12Cr2Mo1R大扁锭凝固过程中心宏观偏析的影响

孟庆勇 ^1, , 王福明 ^2, , 李长荣 ^3, , 李梦龙 ^4, , 庞瑞朋 ^5,

1.北京科技大学冶金与生态工程学院,北京,100083

2.北京科技大学冶金与生态工程学院,北京,100083

3.北京科技大学材料科学与工程学院,北京,100083

4.北京科技大学冶金与生态工程学院,北京,100083

5.北京科技大学材料科学与工程学院,北京,100083

基金项目: 中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金(FRF-SD-12-010A) 国家高技术研究发展计划项目(2013AA031601) 国家自然科学基金(51374018,51174020)

关键词：过热度 , 中心偏析 , 数值模拟 , 大扁锭

Influence of superheat on central macrosegregation of 12Cr2Mo1R steel heavy flat ingot during solidification

Keywords： superheat , central macrosegregation , numerical simulation , heavy flat ingot

基于体积平均的两相数学模型,耦合求解温度场、流场和浓度场,模拟计算过热度对12Cr2MolR大扁锭凝固过程碳元素宏观偏析的影响.本模型将钢液密度设为依赖于温度和溶质浓度的函数.因而,可以综合考虑温度梯度、浓度梯度以及体积收缩等因素对钢液流动的作用,能够更加精确地预测凝固过程溶质元素分布.本次实验研究了过热度对凝固前沿温度梯度、凝固速率和钢液流动速率影响规律,以及最终碳元素宏观偏析情况.模拟结果表明:过热度的增加导致铸件表面区域凝固前沿温度梯度升高,而对中心线区域凝固前沿温度梯度的影响不显著;过热度对铸锭凝固速率的影响很小.此外,过热度的增加使得钢液流动速度相应增加,并使得固液两相区宽度相应的减小.铸锭凝固过程中碳元素宏观中心偏析总体表现为:当过热度＜40℃时,增加过热度对加剧铸锭中心偏析不显著;然而,当过热度＞40 ℃时,提高过热度使得铸锭中心偏析急剧恶化.

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