以炭毡为预制体,煤油蒸气为前驱体,利用两个热源分别加热预制体的上下表面,形成两个热梯度和双沉积面,第三个热源加热前驱体保证反应气体的供给,采用这种改进的化学液相气化渗入法快速制备了炭/炭(C/C)复合材料.对C/C复合材料的密度和气孔率进行了表征,并通过XRD,SEM等方法对其石墨化程度、显微结构进行了研究.结果表明:C/C复合材料的密度随沉积温度的升高呈线性增加,而气孔率逐渐减小,体积密度为0.2g/cm3的预制体在1100℃沉积3h后密度达到1.72g/cm3.2200℃热处理后,C/C复合材料的d002显著降低,具有较高的石墨化程度.C/C复合材料中的炭纤维被环状的热解炭所包围.沉积过程中前驱体较短的对流和扩散路径以及预制体中存在的上下热梯度和相应的双沉积面是材料快速制备的主要因素.
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