采用喷雾干燥法可制备不同配比的碳纳米管(Carbon nanotubes,CNTs)/粉末丁苯橡胶复合材料,观察CNTs在橡胶基体中的分散情况,检测复合材料的导电性能及介电性能,并进行了简要的理论分析.结果表明:CNTs在橡胶基体中获得了充分均匀的分散,有利于CNTs改性补强作用的发挥.与纯胶样品及填充炭黑(Carbon black,CB)样品相比,填充CNTs样品在8～18GHz下具有较高的介电常数及低介电损耗.随着CNTs加入量的增加,CNTs/粉末丁苯橡胶复合材料的电导率逐渐升高,当CNTs加入量为60 phr(per hundred rubber)时,与纯胶样品及添加60 phr CB样品相比,电导率提高近10个数量级;复合材料内部导电同时存在隧道导电机制和渗逾导电机制.采用喷雾干燥法制备的CNTs/粉末丁苯橡胶复合材料,将是一种综合性能良好的新型纳米复合材料,有望在抗静电橡胶、电磁屏蔽及介电材料等领域获得应用.
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