采用Gleeble-3500试验机对0Cr11Ni2MoVNb、1Cr20Co6Ni2Mo1WV和403Nb高合金马氏体耐热钢进行热压缩试验,结果表明,3种钢的热变形表观激活能分别为461.6、508.1l和571.1 kJ/mol。通过同其他研究对比,发现影响钢的表观激活能的因素主要是碳含量和合金元素含量。在普碳钢以及微合金钢中,合金元素含量少,形成的碳化物少,对钢的表观激活能影响不大;对于高合金钢,一方面是由于碳化物,尤其是细小的NbC粒子对位错的钉扎作用,另一方面是由于合金元素的固溶强化作用,使得高合金钢的热变形表观激活能随钢中碳含量和合金元素含量的增加而增加。
Hot compression experiments on three high-alloy martensitic heat-resistant steels of 0Cr11Ni2MoVNb,1Cr20Co6Ni2Mo1WV and 403Nb were carried out by using a Gleeble-3500 simulator.The results show that the apparent activation energy for hot working of these alloys is 461.6 kJ/mol,508.1 kJ/mol and 571.1kJ/mol,respectively.Comparing this work with other researches＇,it can be concluded that the main factor affecting the apparent activation in steels is carbon and alloy element content.For plain steels and micro-alloyed steels,because the amount of alloy elements is small and the carbides formed are also few,the carbon content has no obvious effect on the apparent activation energy.However,for high-alloy steels,because the carbides,especially the thin NbC particles have a drag effect on dislocations and alloy elements have solid solution strength effect,the apparent activation energy increases with the increasing of content of carbon and alloy elements.
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