通过模拟鲨鱼等动物表皮的低表面能结构制备的涂料能降低船舶和水下航行器航行的摩擦阻力,减小或防止其表面污损,节能降耗,延长设备的使用寿命.简介了鲨鱼皮的表面结构、减阻及其防污机理,叙述了仿鲨鱼皮表面结构的制备方法;从仿生学角度出发,综述了有机硅系列和氟化物系列减阻防污涂料的研究现状,并对仿生涂料的应用前景进行了展望.
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