本文对钢水回磷进行了热力学计算和分析,得知EAF-LF炼钢流程中钢水回磷的根本原因是熔池温度升高、炉渣氧化性减小和炉渣碱度降低,并针对宝山钢铁股份有限公司150 t EAF炉冶炼钢管钢过程定量计算了熔池温度、炉渣氧化性及炉渣碱度变化对钢水回磷量的影响.计算结果表明,在LF精炼的热力学条件下,渣中无磷存在;EAF下渣量及铁合金种类对LF精炼钢水回磷量也有影响,EAF每下渣100 kg,钢水增磷0.000 32 %,锰铁合金的增磷作用大于硅铁合金.每加入1 kg/t锰铁合金使钢水增磷不少于0.000 2 %.由计算及分析可知,为防止钢水回磷必须密切关注EAF终点升温过程、严格控制EAF下渣量并采用低磷锰铁合金.
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