采用Al-Mg合金无压渗入具有梯度孔隙分布的Si3N4多孔预制体,制得大尺寸、梯度Si3N4/Al复合材料;对复合材料的显微组织,相组成,硬度进行了观察和测定,分析了层间铝合金薄层在释放梯度层间应力的作用,并采用SHPB装置对梯度复合材料进行动态压缩试验.试验结果表明梯度复合材料层间结合紧密,硬度从HRA80.5逐层过渡到HRA61.5,主要组成相为Al,Si3N4,AlN和Mg2Si;梯度复合材料在动态压缩过程中表现出较高韧性.
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