纳米粒子由于十分容易聚集和团聚,加之表面亲水性的纳米颗粒和表面憎水性的聚合物基体的相容性较差,往往以较大的团聚体形式分散于聚合物基体树脂中,导致复合材料的性能不佳。基于常规共混法的纳米颗粒/聚合物复合材料制备技术仍是重要的制备途径之一,关键在于如何解决复合体系中纳米粒子的有效分散和利用问题。为此,本文中针对非层状纳米无机粒子/热塑性聚合物复合材料的制备,介绍了纳米无机粒子表面改性和纳米颗粒在热塑性聚合物中的分散技术方面的研究进展。
Because inorganic nanoparticles tend to agglomerate and their hydrophilic surface is nearly incompatible with hydrophobic polymers,they have to present themselves in the form of large agglomerates in the polymer composites,which results in poor properties of the composites.The fabrication of nanoparticles/polymer composites via conventional compounding should still be workable.The key issue lies in the effective dispersion and the application of the nanoparticles.The current paper reviews the recent achievements in surface modification of nanoparticles and processing aided dispersion techniques during blending with polymers.
参考文献
| [1] | Zhang M Q, Rong M Z, Friedrich K. Processing and properties of non-layered nanoparticle reinforced thermoplastic composites [M]/ / Nalwa H S. Handbook of organic-inorganic hybrid materials and nanocomposites. California: American Science Publishers, 2003. |
| [2] | 王志苗, 白世河, 张兴祥, 王学晨. 溶液共混法制备碳纳米管/尼龙66复合材料及其性能 [J]. 复合材料学报, 2010, 27(1): 12-17. |
| [3] | 唐圣奎, 熊 杰, 谢军军, 张红萍, 肖红伟. 多壁碳纳米管/聚己内酯超细复合纤维的制备及性能[J]. 复合材料学报, 2010, 27(3): 10-15. |
| [4] | 王志苗, 张兴祥, 王学晨, 白世河, 乔志军. 熔融共混法制备羧基化多壁碳纳米管/ PA66复合纤维及其性能[J]. 复合材料学报, 2011, 28(2): 16-21. |
| [5] | 冯桂双, 李长生, 唐 华, 曹可生, 陈 娟, 王万杰. 悬浮聚合法制备纳米蒙脱土/聚合物(苯乙烯-共聚-二乙烯基苯)复合材料及性能[J]. 复合材料学报, 2010, 27(3): 36-42. |
| [6] | Cho J W, Paul D R. Nylon 6 nanocomposites by melt compounding[J]. Polymer, 2001, 42: 1083-1094. |
| [7] | Novak B M. Hybrid nanocomposite materials between inorganic glasses and organic polymers[J]. Advanced Materials, 1993, 5(6): 422-433. |
| [8] | Guidotti B R, Herzog E, Bangerter F. Modification of TiO2 surface by reaction with acetals, ketals, orthoesters and orthocarbonates[J]. Journal of Colloid and Interface Science, 1997, 191: 209-215. |
| [9] | Rong M Z, Zhang M Q, Ruan W H. Surface modification of nanoscale fillers for improving properties of polymer nanocomposites: A review[J]. Materials Science and Technology, 2006, 7: 787-796. |
| [10] | Kohji Y, Takafumi Y, Yutaka S, Hiroyuki K. Preparation of mondispersed polymer-modified silica particles by radical polymerization using silica colloid and introduction of functional groups on the composites surface [J]. Polymer Bulletin, 1992, 28: 663-672. |
| [11] | Espiard P, Guyot A. Poly(ethyl acrylate) latexes encapsulating nanoparticles of silica: 2. Grafting process onto silica [J]. Polymer, 1995, 36: 4391-4395. |
| [12] | Hayashi S, Takeuchi Y, Eguchi M, Iida T, Tsubokawa N. Graft polymerization of vinyl monomers initiated by peroxycarbonate groups introduced onto silica surface by michael addition [J]. Journal of Applied Polymer Science, 1999, 71: 1491-1497. |
| [13] | Tsubokawa N, Hosoya M. Reactive carbon black having active phenyl ester groups: Preparation and reaction with functional polymers having hydroxyl or amino groups [J]. Reactive Polymers, 1991, 2: 95-102. |
| [14] | 阮文红, 章明秋, 容敏智. 球磨法原位接枝改性纳米无机粒子的方法: 中国, CN1539861.5[P]. 2004-10-27. |
| [15] | 周彤辉, 阮文红, 章明秋, 容敏智, 李白千. 一种含氟纳米无机粒子增韧聚合物及其制备方法: 中国, CN101016362[P]. 2007-8-15. |
| [16] | Rong M Z, Zhang M Q, Pan S L, Friedrich K. Interfacial effects in polypropylene-silica nanocomposites [J]. Journal of Applied Polymer Science, 2004, 92: 1771-1781. |
| [17] | Rong M Z, Zhang M Q, Pan S L, Lehmann B, Friedrich K. Analysis of the interfacial interactions in polypropylene/silica nanocomposites [J]. Polymer International, 2004, 53: 176-183. |
| [18] | Fukano K, Kageyama E. Study on radiation-induced polymerization of vinyl monomers adsorbed on inorganic substances Ⅰ : Radiation-induced polymerization of styrene adsorbed on several inorganic substances [J]. Journal of Polymer Science Part A: Polymer Chemistry, 1975, 13: 1309-1324. |
| [19] | Fukano K, Kageyama E. Study on radiation-induced polymerization of vinyl monomers adsorbed on inorganic substances Ⅱ : Radiation-induced polymerization of methyl methacrylate adsorbed on several inorganic substances [J]. Journal of Polymer Science Part A: Polymer Chemistry, 1975, 13: 1325-1338. |
| [20] | Rong M Z, Zhang M Q, Zheng Y X, Zeng H M, Walter R, Friedrich K. Structure-property relationships of irradiation grafted nano-inorganic particle filled polypropylene composites [J]. Polymer, 2001, 42: 167-183. |
| [21] | Wu C L, Zhang M Q, Rong M Z, Friedrich K. Tensile performance improvement of low nanoparticles filled-polypropylene composites [J]. Composites Science and Technology, 2002, 62: 1327-1340. |
| [22] | Wu C L, Zhang M Q, Rong M Z, Friedrich K. Silica nanoparticles filled polypropylene: Effects of particle surface treatment, matrix ductility and particle species on mechanical performance of the composites [J]. Composites Science and Technology, 2005, 65: 635-645. |
| [23] | Zhang M Q, Rong M Z, Zeng H M, Schmitt S, Wetzel B, Friedrich K. An atomic force microscopy study on structure and properties of irradiation grafted silica particles in polypropylene based nanocomposites [J]. Journal of Applied Polymer Science, 2001, 80: 2218-2227. |
| [24] | Walter R, Friedrich K, Privalko V, Savadori A. On modulus and fracture toughness of rigid particulate filled high density polyethylene [J]. Journal of Adhesion, 1997, 64: 87-109. |
| [25] | Rong M Z, Zhang M Q, Zheng Y X, Zeng H M, Friedrich K. Improvement of tensile properties of nano-SiO2/PP composites in relation to percolation mechanism [J]. Polymer, 2001, 42: 3301-3304. |
| [26] | 郝保红. 粉石英在不同超细粉磨条件下的机械力化学效应研究[J]. 非金属矿, 2002, 25(2): 16-19. |
| [27] | 陈鼎, 严红革, 黄培云. 机械力化学技术研究进展[J]. 稀有金属, 2003, 27(2): 293-298. |
| [28] | Venkataraman K S, Narayanan K S. Energetic of collision between grinding meida in ball mills and mechanochemical effects [J]. Powder Technology, 1998, 96: 190-201. |
| [29] | Ruan W H, Zhang M Q, Rong M Z, Friedrich K. Polypropylene composites filled with in-situ grafting polymerization modified nano-silica particles [J]. Journal of Materials Science, 2004, 39: 3475-3478. |
| [30] | Ruan W H, Zhang M Q, Rong M Z, Friedrich K. Mechanical properties of nanocomposites from ball milling grafted nano-silica/polypropylene block copolymer [J]. Polymers and Polymer Composites, 2004, 12: 257-267. |
| [31] | Wu C L, Zhang M Q, Rong M Z, Lehmann B, Friedrich K. Deformation characteristics of nano-SiO2 filled polypropylene composites [J]. Polymers and Polymer Composites, 2003, 11: 559-562. |
| [32] | Ruan W H, Mai Y L, Wang X H, Rong M Z, Zhang M Q. Effects of processing conditions on properties of nano-SiO2/polypropylene composites fabricated by pre-drawing technique [J]. Composites Science and Technology, 2007, 13: 2747-2756. |
| [33] | Ruan W H, Huang X B, Wang X H, Rong M Z, Zhang M Q. Effect of drawing induced dispersion of nano-silica on performance improvement of polypropylene based nanocomposites [J]. Macromolecular Rapid Communications, 2006, 27: 581-585. |
| [34] | Cai L F, Huang X B, Rong M Z, Ruan W H, Zhang M Q. Effect of grafted polymeric foaming agent on the structure and properties of nano-silica/polypropylene composites [J]. Polymer, 2006, 47: 7043-7050. |
| [35] | Cai L F, Huang X B, Rong M Z, Ruan W H, Zhang M Q. Fabrication of nanoparticle/polymer composites by in situ bubble-stretching and reactive compatibilization [J]. Macromolecular Chemistry and Physics, 2006, 207: 2093-2102. |
| [36] | Cai L F, Mai Y L, Rong M Z, Ruan W H, Zhang M Q. Interfacial effects in nano-silica/polypropylene composites fabricated by in-situ chemical blowing [J]. Express Polymer Letters, 2007, 1: 2-7. |
| [37] | Meng Q Y, Wu D M. A study of bubble inflation in polymers and its applications [J]. Physics Letters A, 2004, 327: 61-66. |
| [38] | Lu Q W, Macosko C W. Comparing the compatibility of various functionalized polypropylenes with thermoplastic polyurethane [J]. Polymer, 2004, 45: 1981-1991. |
| [39] | Chen J H, Rong M Z, Ruan W H, Mai Y L, Zhang M Q. A comparative study of nanosilica/poly(propylene) composites prepared by reactive compatibilization [J]. Macromolecular Chemistry and Physics, 2008, 209: 1826-1835. |
| [40] | 周红军, 容敏智, 章明秋, 阮文红. 纳米SiO2/聚丙烯复合材料的反应性增容[J]. 高分子学报, 2007(2): 126-132. |
| [41] | Zhou H J, Rong M Z, Zhang M Q, Friedrich K. Effects of reactive compatibilization on the performance of nano-silica filled polypropylene composites [J]. Journal of Materials Science, 2006, 41: 5767-5770. |
| [42] | Zhou H J, Rong M Z, Zhang M Q, Ruan W H, Friedrich K. Role of reactive compatibilization in preparation of nanosilica/polypropylene composites [J]. Polymer Engineering and Science, 2007, 47: 499-509. |
上一张
下一张
上一张
下一张
计量
- 下载量()
- 访问量()
文章评分
- 您的评分：
-
10%
-
20%
-
30%
-
40%
-
50%