利用等体积浸渍法制备了氧化铝负载钌基氨合成催化剂. 考察了氢氧化铝的焙烧温度,催化剂的还原温度,助剂K、Ba和Sm的添加,以及用MgO和BaO改性氧化铝载体等对催化剂活性的影响. 通过XRD,N2物理吸附和CO2化学吸附等方法表征了载体的物相结构、比表面积和表面碱性. 研究结果表明,氧化铝表面碱性随着氢氧化铝焙烧温度的升高而增大是催化剂活性升高的主要原因,载体比表面积的降低对催化剂活性的影响相对较小. 助剂K、Ba和Sm的加入显著地提高了催化剂的活性,同时助剂Ba和Sm还减弱了强吸附氢对氮吸附的抑制作用,明显提高了催化剂的高压活性. 用MgO改性氧化铝载体降低了其比表面积,但是显著地提高了载体的表面碱性和催化剂的活性. BaO改性的氧化铝载体的比表面积、表面碱性及其负载的钌基催化剂的活性随着BaO含量的增加先升高后降低,当BaO摩尔含量为7.7%时,催化剂活性最高.
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