研究黄铜矿、黄铁矿、方铅矿等矿物在有/无捕收剂两种情况下的浮选行为,考察浮选与矿浆电位的关系.结果表明:当pH值分别小于4.0时,黄铜矿无捕收剂浮选的电位区间为0～0.9 V；当pH值为4.0或11.0时,矿浆电位大于0.85V以后,黄铁矿的浮选回收率低于20％;当pH值为11.0时,黄铜矿无捕收剂浮选的矿浆电位区间为0.35～0.85 V.当pH值为10.0、丁黄药浓度为5×10-5 mol/L时,方铅矿浮选的矿浆电位为0.45～0.55 V,而黄铜矿在0.45～ 0.80 V的电位区间具有良好的浮选性能；对闪锌矿而言,当pH值为9.0时,矿浆电位在-0.40～ 0.80V区间都不具有良好的可浮性.在浮选体系中,黄铜矿表面氧化会产生元素S0,当矿浆电位从-0.2V增大至0.6V,黄铜矿表面氧化产生的元素S的数量逐渐增大,黄铜矿的无捕收剂浮选性能越来越好.从南京和青海2个铅锌矿山的应用情况来看,采用电位调控浮选技术可以大幅度缩短铅矿石的浮选时间,减少浮选机数量.例如在南京某铅锌矿,由于采用电位调控浮选技术,原来2个系列每天处理900 t矿石,现在采用一个系列即可处理.
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