先采用间歇式固定床真空热解中试装置对废线路板进行真空热解前处理,然后利用剪切破碎和气流分选方法对真空热解渣中的金属铜进行回收,着重分析与讨论真空热解过程中线路板的分层机理,真空热解对破碎过程中铜单质解离度及破碎规律的影响,真空热解对气流分选过程中铜品位及回收率的影响.结果表明:真空热解强化线路板各材料层之间的分层效果显著,增大了粗粒级破碎物料中铜单质的解离度及铜的质量分布率,大幅度提高了分选产品中的铜品位及回收率,铜的回收指标远远优于未经真空热解前处理的线路板.尺寸为40 mm×40 mm的线路板先在升温速率15 ℃/min、反应温度600 ℃、绝对压力20 kPa及恒温时间60 min的条件下进行真空热解前处理,再经剪切破碎,对于粒级为0.45～4.0 mm的破碎产物,铜单质的解离度大于97.06%,铜的质量分布率为98.64%,回收产品中铜品位为99.50%,铜的总回收率为99.86%.
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