测定了5种不同成分Fe-Ni-C合金的M_s温度和奥氏体在M_s时的屈服强度σ0.2(M_s)。求得奥氏体在M_s温度时的固溶强化方程为:σ0.2(M_s)=25.9+3410XC+567XNi,MPa。Ni,C浓度对M_s温度的影响可以方程M_s(K)=829-8650XC-1766XNi表示,以及σ0.2(M_s)与M_s的线性关系为:σ0.2(M_s)≈210-0.323M_s(℃),MPa.说明奥氏体在M_s时的固溶强化形成马氏体相变的阻力,它和相变驱动力及与M_s均呈线性关系.含25wt-％Ni,含碳在0.11Wt-％的合金基本形成位错马氏体,仅有极少量孪晶,当含碳为0.12wt-％时,则以23.97wt-％Ni为位错和孪晶亚结构的临界含Ni量.利用Magee和Davies图导出了奥氏体的σ0.2(M_s)对Fe-Ni-C合金马氏体形态的影响图,推断出奥氏体的临界分切应力随σ0.2(M_s)的变化关系,借以解释位错型和孪晶型马氏体的形成。
The M_s temperature and the yield strength of austenite have been measured for 5 various Fe-Ni-C alloys. The solution strengthening of austenite at M_s temperature can be expressed as: σ_(0·2)(M_s)=25.9+3410x_c+567x_(Ni) MPa, and the effect of C and Ni content on M_s temperature can be shown as: M_s (K)=829-8650x_c-1766x_(Ni·) The linear relationship between M_s temperature and σ_(0·2)(M_s) can be written as: σ(0·2)(M_s)=210-0.323M_s(℃) MPa. These equations indicate that the solution strengthening of austenite at M_s temperature acts as the resistance of martensitic transformation and the linear relation exists not only between σ0·2(M_s) and M_s, but also σ_(0·2)(M_s) and the driving force for martensitic transformation. Since the substructure of martensite depends on the Ni and C content in alloys, a schematic sketch showing the effect of σ_(0·2)(M_s) on the morphology of martensite in Fe-Ni-C alloys is developed through the work of Magee and Davies. Based on this view, the relationship between σ_(0·2)(M_s) and the critical resolved shear stress may be sketched which interpret the formation of dislocation and twinned martensite.
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