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Unidirectional solidification (DS) experiments were performed on a Nb-22Ti-16Si-3Ta-2Hf-7Cr-3Al-0.2Ho (at.%) alloy and the growth rates were selected as 6, 10 and 16 mm/h, respectively. The effect of solidification rates on the microstructure development and room temperature deformation was investigated. The DS alloys were mainly composed of Nb solid solution (Nbss) and Nb(5)Si(3) phases. All the Nbss/Nb(5)Si(3) eutectic colonies aligned well along the growth direction of the DS specimens. A small amount of hex-Nb(5)Si(3) phase was identified as intergranular phase when observed from the transverse section of the DS specimens. There was an orientation relationship between Nbss and hex-Nb(5)Si(3), which was determined as [111](Nb)//[22 (4) over bar3](h) and the two almost parallel planes of (1 (1) over bar0)(Nb)//(1 (1) over bar 00)(h) with an include angle about 2.2 degrees. The DS alloys showed improved room temperature compressive strength and fracture toughness as compared with the casting alloy. (C) 2010 Published by Elsevier Ltd.