基于复合材料孔隙率与材料密度、超声波纵波声速之间的内在联系,采用超声水浸底波反射回波法,利用5 MHz平探头测量碳纤维单向增强复合材料超声声阻抗.借助金相显微镜测试复合材料孔隙率,并利用实验进行参数标定后,建立了超声声阻抗与碳纤维增强环氧树脂复合材料孔隙率P的经验公式.对0.03%≤P≤2.21%同批复合材料试样进行实验验证,发现声阻抗法测量结果与金相法测量结果相符.利用该方法测量孔隙率,无须测量材料声速和密度,且测量结果受孔隙形貌影响较小,易于实现,在复合材料孔隙率无损检测方面具有可行性.
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