本文采用溶剂热法,以四乙醇钛为主要原材料制备TiO2.结合X-射线衍射和扫描电镜等材料结构测试分析方法和恒电流充放电电化学测试技术,研究了添加表面活性剂聚乙烯吡咯烷酮(PVP)、溶剂热反应温度和高电导性气相生长碳纤维(VGCF)的添加对TiO2结构和电化学性能的影响.研究结果表明,本方法成功制备了纳米尺寸的锐钛矿TiO2,PVP的添加能改善TiO2颗粒的分散性.较低溶剂热反应温度下合成的TiO2颗粒尺寸较细,但团聚程度大,而较高的溶剂热反应温度使TiO2的颗粒尺寸长大,但团聚程度改善.通过添加表面活性剂、控制溶剂热温度和引入VGCF,本文获得的TiO2/C复合材料作为锂离子电池负极材料在1C、5C、10C和20C的放电倍率下容量分别可达220、180、150和120mAh/g,具有良好的倍率性能.
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