对经离子渗氮处理的20钢,进行610℃下不同保温时间的盐浴渗铬,获得了不同时期的复合渗铬层.利用光学显微镜、X射线衍射仪、扫描电镜及能谱仪、透射电镜对这种复合渗铬层的形成过程进行研究.结果表明,复合渗铬层主要由铬氮化合物相组成,其形成是在消耗原离子渗氮化合物层的基础上实现;并且,在复合渗铬初期,复合渗铬化合物层主要由CrN相组成,在复合渗铬后期,原CrN相化合物层的最表层开始转变为Cr2N相,因而形成较致密的Cr2N/CrN双层结构渗铬层.横截面透射电镜观察表明,所制备的Cr2N/CrN双层结构为纳米结构渗铬层(CrN晶粒在100nm以下,Cr2N晶粒在100～300nm之间).摩擦学性能测试显示.这种纳米结构复合渗铬层有降低渗层摩擦系数的趋势.
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