通过调整Ni-P化学镀工艺参数,获得了不同磷含量的镀层,具有非晶、纳米晶及二者混合的微观结构.进一步的污垢沉积实验表明,有Ni-P镀层的试样与没有镀层的碳钢试样相比,其污垢沉积速度均明显下降.同时Ni-P镀层的微观结构对抗垢性能的影响表现为,随镀层中纳米晶的增加,抗垢性能有减弱的趋势,非晶镀层表现出最佳的抗垢性能.电化学腐蚀结果也表明,非晶镀层的抗蚀性最好,随纳米晶的增加,腐蚀电位向低电位方向移动.微观结构对于抗蚀性的影响趋势与对抗垢性能的影响一致.抗垢性能与抗蚀性能有内在的联系,易于被腐蚀的镀层也容易通过"过渡层"的形成而易于污垢的附着.这为充分利用镀层的性能,将镀层应用于热交换器换热面的防垢抗蚀方面,奠定了一定的研究基础.
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