综述了深海环境下溶解氧含量、温度、pH、溶解CO_2含量、含盐度、静压力、流速以及生物环境等各项因素对金属及合金材料腐蚀的影响,认为溶解氧含量通常为金属及合金材料腐蚀的最主要因素;重点介绍了实海暴露方法和室内模拟加速腐蚀方法在深海环境下的研究进展及具体应用,指出最好将室内模拟加速腐蚀试验和实海暴露方法相结合,同时体现二者的优势以研究金属及合金材料的腐蚀行为;总结了深海环境下金属及合金材料的腐蚀状况,对其防护手段-阴极保护及涂层保护进行了概述.
Various factors affecting corrosion of metallic materials in deep sea environment such as dis-solved oxygen content, temperature, pH, CO_2 content, salinity, hydrostatic pressure, flow velocity as well as microbial environment were reviewed in this paper. It was generally considered that dissolved oxygen con-tent was the most influential factors for corrosion of most of the metals and alloys. Field exposure method, laboratory simulated and accelerated corrosion test method as well as their specific applications were fo-cused and it was pointed out that the best means to study corrosion behavior of metals and alloys was the combination of both methods. Furthermore, the corrosion status of various metals and alloys in deep sea environment was presented and summarized. Simultaneously, the cathodic protection of the materials in deep sea environment was also briefly discussed.
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