将压力场和超声场复合作用于铝合金的凝固过程,并对比分析无外场、单一外场(压力场、超声场)和复合场的作用效果.采用定量金相分析、扫描电镜、电子探针等手段研究压力场、超声场以及压力和超声复合场作用下Al-5.0Cu-1.0Fe合金的显微组织和显微硬度.结果表明:分别施加50 MPa压力场和800 W超声场均能减少α(Al)二次枝晶间距,细化并分散富铁相和θ(Al2Cu)相,同时改变富铁相的形貌,使针状的Al7Cu2Fe相转变成汉字状的富铁相Al6(CuFe);同时复合场比单一外场能更大程度地细化α(Al)二次枝晶间距、富铁相和θ(Al2Cu)相;单独施加压力50 MPa比单独施加800 W的超声更能够有效减少缩松,但同时施加压力和超声时效果最佳;同时施加压力和超声场时可获得最高的α(Al)基体显微硬度.对复合场的作用效果进行初步探讨,这是超声场的空化效应以及声流效应和压力场的压力效应共同作用的结果.
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