微米炭纤维吸附水溶液中镉离子的性能

新型炭材料, 2012, 27(3): 219-225.

微米炭纤维吸附水溶液中镉离子的性能

高占明 ^1, , 李振涛 ^2, , 韩梅 ^3, , 赵宗彬 ^4, , 邱介山 ^5,

1.大连理工大学辽宁省能源材料化工重点实验室,大连理工大学精细化工国家重点实验室,辽宁大连116024

2.大连理工大学辽宁省能源材料化工重点实验室,大连理工大学精细化工国家重点实验室,辽宁大连116024

3.大连理工大学基础化学实验中心,辽宁大连116024

4.大连理工大学辽宁省能源材料化工重点实验室,大连理工大学精细化工国家重点实验室,辽宁大连116024

5.大连理工大学辽宁省能源材料化工重点实验室,大连理工大学精细化工国家重点实验室,辽宁大连116024

基金项目: 教育部新世纪优秀人才支持计划(NCET-04-0274) 国家自然科学基金(20725619)

关键词：炭纤维 , 镉离子 , 吸附 , 动力学

Studies on the adsorption of cadmium ions by micro-size carbon fibers in aqueous solution

采用煤基炭棒阳极,在氦气/乙炔气氛下直流电弧放电制备了直径0.4 μm ～0.6μm、长度数十微米的炭纤维.以该微米炭纤维(MCFs)为吸附剂,研究水中镉离子在其上的吸附性能.考察了MCFs的表面性质、时间、溶液pH值及镉离子初始浓度对吸附的影响.实验表明,浓硝酸氧化处理可明显增加MCFs表面含氧官能团数量,吸附能力显著增加；吸附动力学数据符合准二级速率方程.pH值对吸附影响较大.酸性条件下,吸附等温线可用Langmuir方程和Freundlich方程拟合；沉淀发生条件下,可用表面沉淀模型拟合.MCFs的单位质量和单位比表面积的吸附量都很大,当pH=5.50和平衡浓度为2mg·L-1时其吸附量分别为5.7 mg·g-1和0.058 mg·m-2.结果表明,MCFs在环境保护中显示出潜在应用前景.

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