针对攀钢200t钢包,采用物理模拟与数值模拟相结合的方式,研究了透气砖布置方式和吹氩流量对钢液流动行为的影响规律.结果表明,当两透气砖呈120°布置在距包底中心0.62R (R为包底半径)处时,钢液的平均流速和平均湍动能大,“死区”范围小,混匀时间短,是合理的透气砖布置方式,其临界吹氩流量为27 m3/h;与单透气砖相比,双透气砖喷吹的能量利用率高,“死区”范围小,单透气砖的吹氩流量需控制到45m3/h才能达到与双透气砖吹氩流量为27 m3/h时相同的搅拌效果.实践证明,研究得到的透气砖布置方式和吹氩流量能保证熔池的搅拌效果,使转炉钢水经吹氩处理后,钢包不同位置温差小于10℃,△w[C],△w[Si],△w[Mn]小于0.03％;在一定的软吹氩流量条件下,吹氩时间大于等于8 min,可以使钢中wT[o]小于25×10-6.研究表明,用离散相模型对钢包底吹氩过程进行数值模拟,可以得到与物理模拟试验和生产实践较为吻合的结果.
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