本文采用水平管式电加热炉,使一定浓度的单质汞蒸气和各种反应气体的混合气在石英管反应器内发生氧化反应,研究了二价汞的生成比例.实验结果表明HCl对汞的氧化能力在473～873 K区间很低,而Cl2对汞有很强的氧化能力.通过热力学计算对生成的二价汞的具体种类进行推断,还考查了气氛中H2O的存在对汞氧化的影响,计算结果和实验结果基本相符.结果表明,Cl2是汞氧化的重要因素,生成HgCl2(g).HCl对汞的氧化几乎不起作用.Cl2和H2O可能发生反应生成对汞氧化能力低的HCl,从而使汞氧化温度区域向低温转移.
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