材料期刊网

从铜冷却壁引进到目前的短短十几年间,中国大于1 000m3的高炉,在炉腰炉腹和炉身下部已普遍使用铜冷却壁。由于使用时间短,铜冷却壁热面裸露和结瘤频繁,严重影响生产。企业迫切需要知道何种操作因素控制铜冷却壁的渣皮脱落。目前,一些钢厂通过调整冷却水量和冷却水温度来实现挂渣稳定性和挂渣厚度控制,但往往收效甚微,为此建立了炉墙传热数学模型。研究结果表明：在适当范围内,调节水温或水速对挂渣厚度影响甚微;影响挂渣厚度最主要的因素是边缘煤气温度和冷却壁热负荷;根据铜冷却壁边缘煤气流对挂渣厚度的影响,将其分成剧变区、渐变区、缓变区和微变区。鞍钢,唐钢,武钢等钢厂高炉生产实践证实了上述结果的正确性。研究结果澄清了影响铜冷却壁挂渣厚度的一些模糊认识,对铜冷却壁高炉生产有重要的指导意义。以炉墙传热模型为基础开发的挂渣厚度在线监测系统已成功应用于国内某钢厂高炉,并经过实测检验,为铜冷却壁操作提出了35～58kW/m2的热负荷控制标准。

A decade more from copper stave introduced form abroad to now, it has been widely used on bosh, belly as well as under shaft of blast furnace larger than 1000 m3 in China. Because of short time use, phenomena of naked or scaffolding on copper stave hot face happened occasionally which had serious influence on production. Enterprises urgently need to know what operational factors restricted the accretion~s remove on copper stave. Some steel compa- nies adjusted cooling water flow rate and temperature, which had little work frequently, to realize forming-accretion thickness and stability control. The heat transfer mathematic model of furnace wall shows as follows： the forming- accretion thickness change little which indicates that adjusting water speed and temperature in certain range has little effect on forming-accretion thickness~ the leading influencing factors are peripheral gas flow temperature and cooling stave heat flux;according to effect of peripheral gas flow on forming-accretion thickness of copper stave, peripheral gas flow temperature is divided into rapid change area, gradual change area, slowly change area and the subtle change area. Blast furnace production practice in Ansteel, Tangsteel as well as Wusteel confirmed the correctness of the results above. Researching results clear up some vague realization of affecting forming-accretion thickness, which has important instruction meaning to copper stave blast furnace production. Forming-accretion morning sys- tem developed on the basis of heat transfer mathematic model of furnace wall, which has tested by actual measure- ment, has been applied to a blast furnace in certain civil steel company, and heat load control standard of 35-58 kW/ m2 has been suggested for copper stave operation.