通过周浸加速腐蚀实验、扫描电镜 、拉曼光谱分析等方法，研究了磷含量对低碳钢耐大气腐蚀性能的影响。结果表明，磷能明显提高材料的耐大气的腐蚀性能，这种作用在腐蚀初期尤为显著。其原因是：偏聚在材料表面上的磷原子在水和氧的作用下水解，生成一种致密性较高磷酸盐，并且能均匀覆盖在基体表面的空洞和裂纹处，阻碍了水和氧的通过，使基体免遭进一步的腐蚀。并且H2PO4-能够加速锈层中Fe2+向 Fe3+的转化、使腐蚀初期反应快速进行、阻止铁锈粒子长大，使腐蚀生成物颗粒细小、结构致密。促进了致密、稳定、均匀的保护膜形成。
The effects of phosphorus on corrosion resistance of low carbon steels have been investigated by cyclic corrosion test、SEM and micro-Raman analysis. The results indicate that phosphorus can increase corrosion resistance of low carbon steels especially at the early stage of atmospheric corrosion. The reason is :with the effect of water and oxygen, the phosphorus enriched on the face of steels was hydrolyzed ,then phosphate was formed .This kind of phosphate cover on the cranny and holes in rust and resist water and oxygen’s passing. Moreover, the can accelerate the air oxidation of Fe2+ to Fe3+ and the formation of stable rust . As a result , the corrosion resistance of high phosphorus steels was improved .
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