采用新型熔池热源分层加载数学模型对SA508Gr4钢双面单道次焊接的温度场和应力场进行计算及试验验证,分析了焊接热影响区各微区转变过程及残余应力分布情况.结果表明,温度场模拟值与试验值基本吻合,性能不稳定的完全淬火区宽度为1560 μm,占热影响区宽度的77.6％;首道焊缝两侧20 mm处出现600 MPa高横向拉伸残余应力区,第二道次高横向残余应力区出现在完全淬火区附近,而对于不完全淬火区组织形成压缩塑性变形趋势,X形坡口第二道焊接热作用可以抵消小部分首道焊的横向收缩.而两者纵向残余应力均以拉应力为主.
The temperature field and residual stress field of the double-V groove arc welding of SA508Gr4 steel were calculated and tested by using the new mathematical model of heat source layer loading.The transition process and the distribution of residual stress in the welding heat affected zone were analyzed.The results show that the simulated values of the temperature field and residual stress field agree well with the measured values.The quenching HAZ width accounts for 77.6％ of the HAZ width,and is about 1560 μm.The high transverse tensile residual stress of 600 MPa appears at the sites 20 mm away from both sides of first-pass welding.For the second-pass welding,the high residual stress appears near the quenching HAZ,and near the inter-critical HAZ the tendency of compressive plastic deformation is developed.The thermal action of the second welding in double-V groove can decrease the transverse contraction deformation of the first welding.The longitudinal residual stress is mainly tensile stress.
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