采用商用FeNi30及FeNi50合金粉为原料通过机械合金化(MA)合成纳米晶Invar合金(FeNi36)粉体,研究了不同球磨时间的Invar合金粉体的物相组成、显微组织结构与形貌特征,探讨其合金化机制.结果表明:球磨初期(5～ 10 h),微锻造和冷焊过程使合金粉体呈扁平形复合层状结构,同时FeNi50中的Ni原子逐渐向FeNi30中扩散,发生成分均匀化;球磨40 h后,已形成了成分均匀的α’-Fe(Ni)固溶体,其平均晶粒尺寸约为12 nm.此时,机械合金化合成的Invar合金粉体呈球形,表面光滑,继续球磨,大颗粒粉体表面出现裂纹,并碎裂,导致粉体细化.
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