对现场和实验室冶炼的8炉低碳高硫易切削钢进行切削试验,同时对钢中的非金属夹杂物进行评级和SEM及DES能谱分析。结果表明：无论钢中是否含有锡等易切削元素,低碳高硫易切削钢的刀具磨损量均随钢中B＋C类氧化物夹杂级别的增高而明显增加;钢中存在的氧化物夹杂主要为硬质Al2O3-MnO和MnO-SiO2、2MnO-SiO2型氧化物,可加剧切削过程的刀具磨损。钢中氧含量和氧化物夹杂级别相对较低时,适当提高氧含量可促使有利形态的MnS生成而使可切削性能得到改善;当氧含量高时,钢中氧化物夹杂级别明显提高,从而导致可切削性能的明显恶化。
Machining tests and grading of non-metallic inclusions were carried out on eight heats of free-cutting steel.The results show that no matter whether the steels contained Sn for easy machining,the machinability is deteriorated dramatically with the increase of the grade of oxide inclusions,especially B-type inclusions and C-type inclusions.The main types of oxide inclusion are MnO-Al2O3,MnO-SiO2 and 2MnO-SiO2,which have high hardness and deteriorate the machinability.The machinability could be improved by appropriately increasing oxygen content when the oxygen content and oxide inclusion grade are both lower in the steel,due to the spheroidization of the MnS inclusions.Meanwhile,the machinability has a notable deterioration when oxygen content in the steel is higher,which is attributed to that the obvious increase of the oxide inclusion grade.
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