综述了Al合金牺牲阳极的现状及其在海水环境中的活化行为。结合实际情况介绍了活化元素、Cl-、温度、热处理工艺等对Al阳极的活化影响，重点介绍了活化元素在Al阳极活化过程中的作用， 并且提出了部分活化元素在Al阳极中的优化配方；适量活化元素的添加及一定温度下的均匀退火可以提高铝阳极电流效率。还对高性能Al合金阳极进行了展望。
ABSTRACT: Aluminum sacrificial anodes have been widely used in the protection of iron structures, which are positioned in or around the sea, such as ships, platforms, and so on. While the efficiency of Al-anodes is decreased due to the passive film formed on the aluminum surface. So, it is necessary to investigate high efficient aluminum anodes. Thus, one should have quite understanding on the activation of aluminum in seawater, in order to optimize the alloying composition. In this paper, the activation behavior of aluminum in seawater and the effects of depassivators are summarized systematically.
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