Ultrathin Pb films supported by Al film were made by using cold-rolling and ion-beam thinning techniques. The morphological instability of the Pb film under electron-beam irradiation was investigated by means of in situ transmission electron microscopy observations. It has been found that under electron-beam irradiation, Pb films with an incoherent Pb/Al interface spheroidized into Pb particles, but those with a semicoherent Pb/Al interface were stable in morphology. The morphological stability of thin films depends on the microstructure and the thermodynamic property of the interphase boundary. A critical interfacial energy for the spheroidization of thin films was determined based on a thermodynamics analysis. (C) 2001 American Institute of Physics.
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