在20～220℃范围内对比研究了AZS0、AZ31、ZK60镁合金和AA6082铝合金在大气中的散热性能,分别测量其环境散热曲线并用指数型热动力学方程T=To+ΔTo·exp(-t/Ao)拟合.结果表明,固溶处理可使铸态或挤压态镁合金热导率下降,而固溶+时效处理后其热导率有所提升.分析了瞬时温差与瞬时温度比值ΔT/T与镁合金、铝合金散热性能的关系,自然对流条件下,柱高对AZ80镁合金散热性能影响较小;在人工强制对流条件下,当0.25＜ΔT/T＜0.45时,高柱(60 mm)散热速率约为低柱(20 mm)的两倍.在自然对流条件下,AZ80、AZ31镁合金的散热性能在0.25＜ΔT/T＜0.45 (120～220℃)时,明显优于AA6082铝合金.在0.05＜ΔT/T＜0.25 (20～120℃)时,这3种合金的散热性能无明显差别.
The atmospheric heat dispersion of magnesium alloys AZS0,AZ31,ZK60 and aluminum alloys AA6082 were measured in the temperature range of 20～220 ℃.The thermal dispersion curves of the columnar model could be exponentially fitted as T=T0+ΔT0·exp(-t/A0).The result shows that the solution treatment can decrease the thermal conductivity of the magnesium alloys.However,the solution plus aging treatment can increase the thermal conductivity.The relationship between ΔT/T and the heat dispersion rate was also studied.The heat dispersion rate of high columns (60 mm) is about two times larger than that of low columns (20 mm) in the condition of forced air convection,while there is no obvious difference in the condition of natural convection.Moreover,the dispersion properties of these alloys can be evidently divided into two regions by ΔT/T in natural convection.There is no much difference among AZ80,AZ31,AA6082 alloys when 0.05＜ΔT/T＜0.25 (20～120 ℃),while the AZ80 and AZ31 exhibit superior performance to AA6082 alloys when 0.25＜ΔT/T＜0.45 (120～220 ℃).
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