在钢基体(EUROFER、F82H、CLAM、316L)上喷涂钨涂层已成为制备面向等离子体材料的一个重要方法.为了防止钨涂层与钢基体间由于材料热膨胀不匹配而开裂失效,采用热应力缓和型功能梯度涂层是一种行之有效的解决方案.利用有限元分析软件(ANSYS 10.0)分析了梯度涂层厚度对W/316L功能梯度涂层残余应力的影响.模拟结果表明,纯钨层厚度确定时,制备厚的梯度涂层可降低残余应力.当顶层厚度为1mm、梯度涂层厚度为100～200μm时,将产生较大的轴向应力,制备涂层时应当避免此厚度范围.此模拟结果可为该涂层设计和制备提供理论依据和指导.
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