采用改进的Hummers法对可膨胀石墨进行加压密闭氧化处理制备了氧化石墨烯(GO),并利用X射线衍射分析、紫外可见吸收光谱和透射电镜对其进行了表征.利用原位乳化法制备了氧化石墨烯/水性聚氨酯(GO/WPU)纳米复合材料.研究了GO含量对GO/WPU纳米复合材料的稳定性、形态、热降解性能和阻燃性能的影响.Zeta电位和扫描电镜的研究表明,GO在GO/WPU纳米复合材料中具有良好的稳定性和分散性.热失重分析结果表明,和纯WPU相比,GO/WPU纳米复合材料的热稳定性略有降低,但800℃时含量2％ GO的纳米复合体系的残炭量从0.99％增大到2.90％.锥形量热仪分析结果表明,随着GO在GO/WPU纳米复合材料中的含量增大,材料的阻燃抑烟性能逐渐增强.当GO的含量为2％时,和纯WPU相比,GO/WPU纳米复合材料的峰值热释放速率、总释放热、总烟释放以及烟因子分别降低了34％,19％,27％和43％.
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