将磷酸和钨酸钠溶于聚乙烯醇(PVA)和聚偏氟乙烯(PVDF)的二甲基亚砜极性有机溶液中,利用原位合成法制备了膜中分布均匀的磷钨酸掺杂的聚乙烯醇/聚偏氟乙烯质子交换膜(PWA-d-PVA/PVDF).应用多功能材料实验机表征了膜的力学强度,使用交流阻抗谱和气相色谱仪研究了PVDF含量对PWA-d-PVA/PVDF膜的质子导电、溶胀和阻醇等性能的影响.同时通过热重和电镜扫描等方法对膜的热稳定性和形貌进行了表征.结果表明,膜中PVDF含量增大,膜的溶胀度降低,热稳定性提高,强度增大.与Nafion膜的性能相比,PVDF质量分数为20%的PWA-d-PVA/PVDF膜的溶胀度降低了23.8%,甲醇渗透率降低了1个数量级.PWA-d-PVA/PVDF(20%)膜在甲醇浓度为2 mol/L时的直接甲醇燃料电池(DMFC)中测得最大功率密度为15.08 mW/cm2.
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