为解决石蜡相变时的泄漏问题，采用机械混合法制备石蜡/SiO2气凝胶复合相变材料，并通过耐久性和热渗漏实验研究其热稳定性，利用差示扫描量热仪对其相变潜热和相变温度进行表征，通过红外光谱仪、透射电镜、扫描电镜观察复合相变材料的微观结构和形貌。结果表明：SiO2气凝胶为多孔结构，石蜡能够很好地吸附到SiO2气凝胶的孔隙中，且石蜡和SiO2气凝胶之间只是物理嵌合，不发生化学反应，石蜡的最佳质量分数为70%~75%。
In order to solve the leakage problem during the phase transformation of paraffin,paraffin/silicon dioxide aerogel composite phase change material was prepared by simple mechanical mixing method. The heat leakage experiment and the durability test were used to characterize its thermal stability. The latent heat and the phase change point were presented by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). Infrared spectrometer, transmission electron microscope and scanning electron microscope were used to observe the microstructures of composite phase change material. The results indicate that the physical adsorption is between paraffin and SiO2 aerogel. SiO2 aerogel is porous structure,and the paraffin is absorbed in the fibers and pores of aerogel. The SiO2 aerogel achieves very good encapsulation to paraffin, and the best content of paraffin is from 70%to 75%.
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