研究了高比强泡沫铝合金和泡沫纯铝的单向压缩和剪切性能, 对以高比强泡沫铝合金为夹芯的三明治梁失效模式的尺寸范围和承载能力进行了理论计算, 结果与实验结果符合得很好. 给出了泡沫铝合金三明治梁的设计方法, 表明在较小的设计载荷下, 三明治梁是以刚度作为设计的控制条件; 在较大的设计载荷下, 以相对强度为设计的控制条件. 泡沫铝合金三明治梁与泡沫纯铝三明治梁的对比表明, 在刚度设计控制条件下, 前者的刚度是后者的1.00$\sim$1.185倍. 在强度设计控制条件下, 剪切破坏和压凹破坏失效模式下的泡沫铝合金三明治梁比泡沫纯铝三明治梁的 极限强度分别提高57\%$\sim$180\%和90\%$\sim$220\%.
The compression and shear capacities of Al alloy foam and Al foam were studied. The failure modes and peak loads of sandwich beams with this Al alloy foam core were measured which was in good agreement with theoretic values. A design method is given which shows that rigidity is used as design controlling index for a low given load while relative peak load is used as controlling index for a high load. Comparison is made between the sandwich beams with the two different cores. It is concluded that sandwiches with Al alloy foam core have a rigidity 0$\sim$0.185 times higher than sandwiches with Al foam core, and a peak load 0.57$\sim$1.8 times higher under core--shear mode and 0.9$\sim$2.2 times higher under indentation than sandwiches with Al foam core.
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