采用预乳化半连续自生种子乳液聚合的方法以丙烯酸丁酯(BA)、甲基丙烯酸甲酯(MMA)和苯乙烯(st)为主链,丙烯酸(AA)为功能单体共聚制备丙烯酸酯乳液.研究了预乳化时的相比、种子乳液的含量、反应保温时间、硬单体St与MMA的比例、功能单体用量以及软硬单体比例等对乳液性能的影响.研究结果表明,预乳化油水比为1.8∶1、种子乳液质量为预乳化液的1/3、m(St)/m(MMA)=1∶5.5、AA占单体总量为3％时能得到稳定性好、粒径较小且分布较窄、胶膜吸水率低的乳液.通过拉伸测试、差示扫描量热、红外光谱及凝胶渗透色谱等方法,本实验发现随着软硬单体配比增加,乳胶膜的拉伸强度和玻璃化转变温度(Tg)逐渐下降,断裂伸长率逐渐提高.最终得到了粒径分布在114nm～290nm之间,相对分子质量分布指数为1.679的目标产物.
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