脉冲管冷端和热端的层流化元件是脉冲管制冷机的重要部分。本文从流体力学、热力学出发，分析了小孔型脉冲管热端的流动过程和热力过程，确定了小孔型脉冲管的制冷机理。在此基础上，分析表明在脉冲管热端存在射流现象和涡流现象，导致一种气流混合的损失。本文称之为射流损失。设计了几种改进结构，实验验证了这种损失的存在同时也揭示了改进方法的有效性。
Spray loss in pulse tube is proposed for the firsttime. Analysis shows that refrigeration process includes a suddenarea change in hot end of pulse tube refrigerator. This suddenchange produces refrigeration loss, and its relation to refrigeration isrevealed. Experiments show that this loss will effect refrigerationtemperature evidently. Some special devices designed by author isproved to reduce this loss. And this loss should beemphasized in actual design.
参考文献
| [1] | 陈国邦;周远.最新低温制冷技术[M].北京:机械工业出版社,1994 |
| [2] | 杨鲁伟 .脉冲管制冷机的的机理分析及实用化[R].博士后报告,1998. |
| [3] | 杨鲁伟,孙卫佳,梁惊涛,周远.改进型脉冲管制冷机的机理分析[J].低温工程,1999(04):75-85. |
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