以正硅酸乙酯(tetraethyl orthosilicate,TEOS)、乙酸铜、乙酸钴、乙酸锰为原料,采用溶胶-凝胶法、常压干燥制备了CuO(CoO,MnO)/SiO2纳米复合气凝胶.分析了过渡金属氧化物MO与Sio2的质量比、温度和pH值对凝胶形成的影响.采用场致发射扫描电镜(FE-SEM)、BET、傅里叶变换红外分析(FTIR)、热重-差热分析(TG-DTA)、电子散射能谱分析(EDS)和化学分析等对CuO(CoO,MnO)/SiO2纳米复合气凝胶的微观结构和组成进行了研究.结果表明,纳米复合气凝胶的颗粒约在20~100nm,比表面积为344~733m2/g,孔径范围为2~22nm,而且过渡金属Cu、Co和Mn能够与氧形成部分一O-M-O-桥键连接,并与Si通过化学键形成三维网络结构;纳米复合气凝胶试样中的多元过渡金属氧化物含量可控制在3%~75%(质量分数).这种结构和组成既有利于提高催化剂负载量,又可充分发挥过渡金属氧化物的助催化作用.
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