纳米银具有独特的热、光、电、磁、催化和敏感等特性,具有广阔的应用前景,是金属纳米材料研究的热点.阐述了制备纳米银的方法,包括化学还原法、光化学还原法、模板法、溶胶-凝胶法、微乳液法、激光烧蚀法等,列举了纳米银在化学反应、光学领域、抗菌领域和作为抗静电材料的主要应用,简述了纳米银制备过程中存在的不足,展望了纳米银合成研究的发展趋势.
Silver nanomaterial, one of the most active research fields in the metal nanometer materials, has a wide range of applications because of its unique heat, light, electricity and magnetism, catalysis and sensitive features.The preparation methods of silver nanoparticles are discussed, including chemical reduction, photochemical reduction,template,sol-gel method, microemulsion, laser ablation method and so on. Their main applications of nano-silver in chemical reactions,optical field,anti-bacterial field and anti-static materials are introduced. The shortages in the fabrication process of silver nanomaterial are also outlined. The developing trends of the synthetic technique in the preparation of the silver nanomaterials are prospected.
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