采用等离子氮化技术对H13钢进行离子氮化，通过改变渗氮气压和温度得到不同成分和厚度的渗氮层。用光学显微镜和X射线衍射仪分析了渗层的组织及物相组成，借助球一盘磨损试验机对渗层在大气环境下与Al2O3。球对磨时的摩擦学性能进行了研究。结果表明：渗层主要由ε-Fe2-3N、γ＇-Fe，N和少量α-Fe、Fe2O3、Fe2O4相构成；渗氮温度为510℃时没有形成明显的渗层，渗氮温度为570℃、气压为200，300Pa和渗氮温度为540C、气压为100Pa时渗层只有扩散层，而在其他条件下渗层由白亮层和扩散层组成；氮化后表面硬度为1100～1200HV，较基体增加1倍左右；在温度为570℃、气压200Pa制备渗层的摩擦因数比基体大幅度降低，磨痕宽度变窄，比磨损率明显降低，耐磨性明显改善。
H13 steel was nitrided using plasma nitriding technique. The nitriding layer with different composition and thickness was obtained by changing nitriding pressure and temperature. The microstrueture and phase composition of the nitriding layers were studed by optical microscopy and X-ray diffractometer respectively. The tribology property of the nitriding layer against Al2O3 ball was performed on a ball-disc abrasion tester in air. The results show that the nitriding layer mainly constituted of E-Fe2-3N, γ＇-Fe4 N and a few α-Fe, Fe2O3 and Fe3O4 phase. There was nol obvious nitriding layer when nitriding temperature was 510℃, the nitriding layer had only diffusion layer when nitriding temperature was 570℃ and pressure was 200 and 300 Pa and nitriding temperature was 540 C and pressure was 100 Pa. The nitriding layer constituted of white layer and diffusion layer under other conditions. The surface hardness after nitriding was 1 100-1 200 HV, double the stbstrate. Comprising with substrate, the friction coefficient reduced greatly at the temperature of 570℃ and the pressure of 200 Pa, wear mark became wide, specific wear rate decreased obviously and abrasive resistance improved significantly.
参考文献
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