考察了在Cu-Ti-Al-O催化剂中添加Pd(或Ni)对活性中心Cu的调变作用及对顺酐加氢产物的调控. 结果表明,Cu-Ni-Ti-Al-O是优良的顺酐选择性加氢制γ-丁内酯(GBL)反应的催化剂,催化剂中Cu和Ni含量的改变会影响加氢深度. 当Cu含量较Ni含量高时,可以得到第三步加氢产物1,4-丁二醇和四氢呋喃,在270 ℃下其选择性为17.3%; 当Ni含量较Cu含量高时,GBL选择性可达到100%. 添加微量的Pd后,可加速活性组分Cu的还原,使Cu的还原更加彻底,获得纳米尺寸更小和晶格畸变率更大的Cu0晶粒,使顺酐第三步加氢产物的选择性显著提高. 使用Cu-Pd-Ti-Al-O(n(Pd)/n(Cu)=0.08%)催化剂,在240 ℃下顺酐转化率为100%,1,4-丁二醇与四氢呋喃选择性为38.5%.
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